Introduction to Four Vedas of India
The Four Vedas of India are almost the oldest written documents in the world. Vedas are the supreme and supreme scriptures of Hinduism. Moreover, it is believed that other religions of the world originated on the basis of the Vedas, who propagated the knowledge of the Vedas in different languages in their own way.
The word Veda is derived from the word “Vid” in Sanskrit, that is, this single word contains all kinds of knowledge. Also, the ancient Indian sages, who have been called Mantras, by knowing, understanding, meditating on the deep mysteries of the mantras, compiling the knowledge in the texts in which they were presented to the world, are called ancient texts “Vedas”. Also, there is also a belief that his mantras were recited indirectly to the ancient sages by God. Hence Vedas are also called Shruti.
Vedas in common knowledge implies knowledge. Moreover, you can say that yoga is just like a light that helps in eradicating the darkness from the human mind. However, it is the first and deepest repository of science or you can say a way to deal with any problem in life.
The Vedas are full of knowledge related to almost all subjects like Brahma (God), Deity, Universe, Astrology, Mathematics, Chemistry, Medicine, Nature, Astronomy, Geography, Religious rules, History, customs, etc.
Compilation of Ved Mantras and number of Vedas
It is said that in the initial stage there was only one Vedas, but for simplicity, it was bifurcated into four parts. This is evident only by a verse mentioned in Srimad Bhagavat. There are thousands of mantras and creations in these Vedas which may not have been composed at the same time nor by a sage. These were composed by the sages from time to time and they were collected.
Agni, Vayu, and Surya performed penance according to the Shlokas of Shatapatha Brahmana and received the Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda. The first three Vedas have been associated with Agni, Vayu, and Surya. Their relationship with the sages of these three names is told because the reason is that fire eliminates the darkness which is the darkness of ignorance. Because of this, it has become a symbol of knowledge. The air is often moving, its work is moving (flowing). It means to keep doing karma or work. Therefore it is related to karma. The sun is the brightest, which everyone praises, bowing to it and worshiping it. That is why it is said that he is worthy of worship. According to one book, the four Vedas originated from the four faces of Brahma.
The Vedas are the oldest books, so it is natural to name a person or place from the Vedas. Just like today, humans and places, etc. are named by the words in Ramayana, Mahabharata, etc.
History of Four Vedas
Vedas are almost the oldest written documents of human civilization. 28 thousand manuscripts of the Vedas are kept at the ‘Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute’ in Pune, India. Out of these 30 manuscripts of the Rigveda are very important which have been included in the heritage list by UNESCO. UNESCO dated the Rigveda from 1800 to 1500 BC. Has included 30 manuscripts in the list of cultural heritage. It is noteworthy that in the list of 158 UNESCO lists 38 important Indian manuscripts.
The Upveda of the Vedas
The Ayurveda of the Rigveda, the Dhanurveda of the Yajurveda, the Gandharva Veda of the Samaveda, and the Sthapataveeda of the Atharvaveda are respectively described as the Upvedas of the four Vedas. The Vedas have four divisions: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda. Rig-position, Yaju-transformation, material-moving, and Atharva-root. Rik is also called Dharma, Yajuha as Moksha, Sama as the Kama, Atharva as Artha. On the basis of these, theology, economics, Kamshastra, and Mokshastra were composed. Ayurveda of the Rigveda, Dhanurveda of the Yajurveda, Gandharveda of the Samveda, and the Sthapatveda of the Atharvaveda are respectively described as the Upvedas of the four Vedas.
The Vedas have four divisions: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda. Rig-position, Yaju-transformation, material-moving, and Atharva-root. Rik is also called Dharma, Yajuha as Moksha, Sama as the Kama, Atharva as Artha. Moreover on the basis of these, theology, economics, Kamshastra, and Mokshastra were composed.
Four Vedas of India
Rigveda
Rig means status and knowledge. The Rig Veda is the first Vedic that is poetic. It has 1028 suktas in its 10 mandals (chapters) which have 11 thousand mantras. There are 5 branches of this Veda – Shakalpa, Vaskal, Ashwalayan, Shankhayana, Mandukayana. Moreover, it has a lot to do with geographical location and mantras of invocation of the gods. Also, the Rigveda’s verses describe the prayers of the deities, hymns, and their status in Devaloka. It also provides information about water therapy, air medicine, solar medicine, manas medicine and treatment by incense, etc. However, in the tenth mandal of the Rig Veda, there is mention of the medicine Sukta i.e. medicines. Moreover inside it, the number of medicines is stated to be around 125, which is found in 107 places. Also in the Rigveda there is also the story of rejuvenating Chyavanrishi.
Yajurveda
Meaning of Yajurveda: Yat + Ju = Yaju. Yat means dynamic and Ju means sky. Also Karma. The motivation of superior karma. The Yajurveda has the methods of Yajna and the mantras used in Yajnas. Apart from Yajna, there is a description of philosophy. Element knowledge means mystical knowledge. Knowledge of the universe, soul, God, and matter. This Veda is prose. Also, it contains prose mantras for the actual process of yajna. Shukla and Krishna are the two branches of this Veda.
Krishna: The Vaishampayan Rishi is related to Krishna. Krishna has four branches.
Shukla: Yajnavalkya Rishi is related to Shukla. Shukla has two branches. It has 40 chapters. A description of the Chbrihidhyanas is found in a mantra of the Yajurveda. Apart from this, the subject of divine medicine and agricultural science is also present in it.
Samaveda
The Meaning and Transformation of Sama. Mildness and worship. This Veda is the musical form of the Rigveda’s verses. The Samaveda is in the form of lyrical lyrics. Samaveda is also known as the musicology roots. Moreover, in this Veda of 1824 mantras, except for 75 mantras, all the remaining mantras are taken from the Rigveda itself, in which there are references to the gods Savita, Agni, and Indra. It mainly consists of 3 branches, 75 hymns.
Atharvadeva
Atharva means vibration and Atharva means vibration. The one who remains engrossed in the worship of God while performing superior deeds with knowledge attains wisdom and attains salvation. This Veda mentions mystical studies, herbs, miracles, and Ayurveda, etc. It has 5687 mantras in its 20 chapters. Also, there are eight sections in which the two names, the Pharmaceutical Veda and the Metal Veda, are found.
By:-
Prakhar Sharma
Founder, Upgrading India
